These are vaccines that are recommended for all pets due to the severity of the diseases they protect against. For dogs, core vaccines typically include rabies, distemper, parvovirus, and adenovirus. For cats, core vaccines include rabies, feline herpesvirus, calicivirus, and panleukopenia (feline distemper).

These are vaccines that are recommended based on a pet’s lifestyle, geographic location, and other factors. Examples include vaccines againstLeptospira, Bordetella (kennel cough), Lyme disease, and feline leukemia virus (FeLV).

We, at the Nation Veterinary Hospital, recommend Leptospira vaccine for all dogs since it is easily transmitted from surrounding wildlife and is also infectious for humans.

The Bordetella vaccine is recommended and often mandatory if your dog will be going to a kennel, socializing or in contact with a group of dogs such as going to a dog park or obedience and training classes.

The Lyme disease vaccine is recommended if your dog will be in a tick-risk area. The risk of ticks increase if your yard is surrounded by tall grass and brush, if your yard is frequented by wild animals such as turkeys or deer, if you take your dog hiking or camping, or if you have previously seen a tick on your animals or on yourself.

The FeLV vaccine is indicated for cats that go outdoors or are in contact with other house cats that go outdoors or anytime you consider adopting a new cat that may be already infected with the leukemia virus. If the FeLV status of your new cat is not known, there is a leukemia blood test that is available and that should be done before introducing the new cat to your family.

Puppies and kittens usually receive a series of vaccinations starting at around 6-8 weeks of age, with boosters given every few weeks until they are around 16 weeks old. Adult pets then receive booster shots annually to help maintain immunity levels against diseases that they may be exposed to throughout their lives. The booster schedule is based on the specific vaccines and the pet’s individual needs.

While vaccines are generally safe, there can be rare instances of adverse reactions. However, the benefits of vaccinations far outweigh the risks, as they protect pets from serious illnesses that can be costly to treat and potentially fatal.

Rabies vaccination is required by law for both dogs and cats in many jurisdictions. Failure to comply with these requirements can result in legal consequences.